Tanah Merah (meaning Red Earth or Laterite) is a territory (jajahan) and town in the state of Kelantan in northeast Malaysia.The capital and main town is Bandar Tanah Merah where is situated nearby Sungai Kelantan.It is bordered by Pasir Mas in the north, Machang to the East, Kuala Krai to the South East, Jeli to the South West and Thailand in the West.
Historically it used to be a capital of a kingdom called Chi Tu. Chinese Sui Dynasty annals of the 7th century describe an advanced kingdom called Chi Tu ("Red Earth") in the area now called Kelantan. The ancient name for Kelantan was "Raktamrittika", meaning "Red Earth" — this was later changed to "Sri Wijaya Mala".
Total population in 2005 was about 108,228, the majority being Malays, with small numbers of Chinese, Indian and immigrants from neighbouring Thailand.
Most of the population is distributed among various villages (or "kampung" in Malay) and suburb areas, while only a small proportion is located in the town.
Tanah Merah used to be a small town, but has seen major changes in last decade when the younger generation started to migrate to the cities in the Malaysian west coast for higher paying jobs. Money sent back to their families has catalysed growth, expansion and development of the town.
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Tourist attractions include the availability of a variety of foods, and cultural attractions. For those who want cheap and local products, they can go to Bukit Bunga. There is a variety choices of clothes, house equipment and food, and customers can negotiate prices when shopping.
The landscape of Tanah Merah is greatly influenced by the Kelantan River (Malay: Sungai Kelantan) which supplies much needed water to its agricultural plantations. Mount Kemahang (876 m) and Mount Kusial (723 m) are both located in the western part of Tanah Merah.